Ledia Runnels' "Mysteries of the Orient"

Year of the Water Dragon!

Ruins of Ichijodani Castle February 28, 2013


The historical ruins are located in the Kidonouchi section of Fucui Prefrecture, Japan. During the Sengoku Period of feudal Japan, also know as the Warring States Period, this area was controlled by the Asakura clan, a family line of daimyo (feudal lords) for 103 years. Founded in 1471, the castle town became a major cultural and military center.  The Asakura family was defeated by Oda Nobunaga at the Battle of Anegawa in 1570, and were all but eliminated when their home castle of Ichijodani was taken three years later. Most of the castle and town were burned to the ground in 1573, The remaining ruins were later excavated in 1967. English: Asakura Yakata of Ichijōdani Asakura ...Main Gate of Feudal Castle

Main Gate of Castle

 

Asakura Family Gardens

Asakura Family Gardens

Fukui Prefecture, JapanFukui Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan

Portrait of Oda Nobunaga (detail)

Portrait of Oda Nobunaga (detail) (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

 

Wokou: Japanese Pirates February 26, 2013


English: Sixteenth-century Japanese pirate (Wo...

English: Sixteenth-century Japanese pirate (Wokou) raids against China & Korea. Based on Map 23, from The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 7: The Ming Dynasty 1368-1644, Part I (Cambridge University Press: 1988) Modern provinces of China are shown. Created and copyright (2004) by Yu Ninjie, with thanks to suggestions from Ran. Released under the GNU FDL. ‪中文(繁體)‬: 16世紀倭寇侵襲中國以及朝鮮。 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

From Layers of Learning http://www.layers-of-learning.com/wokou-japanese-pirates-of-the-middle-ages/

Wokou is Chinese for pirate and literally means Japanese-bandit. They were a problem in the middle ages. The Japanese pirates would sit among the many islands of the Japanese archipelago and the Chinese coast waiting for a nice juicy trading vessel to come along and like pirates (and government officials) everywhere they had no respect for private property, but if they saw, they took. They grew bolder over the years and raided coastal towns, even traveling up rivers in China and repeatedly looting the capital city of Korea. The Wokou were supported and commanded by coastal feudal lords of Japan. Most of them were peasants who were sent out to loot for their lord. It became such a problem that the Ming court of China ordered that only government ships could sail and trade with nearby nations, which caused the unintended but obvious result of huge smuggling operations and growing pirating activities by the Chinese, until Chinese pirates outnumbered Japanese. Ah, government, what they won’t think of next.

Print this map showing the pirate activity. Color the early pirate activity areas in purple and the later pirate activities in dark blue. Trace the rivers in light blue and color the ocean light blue. Color the land green. Trace routes to the raiding coasts from Japan in red.

 

September 6, 2012


HI EVERYONE!

I’ve been out of the loop for a bit now, busy with the business of writing etc. For those following my book’s progress, it is pretty much decided that the local middle school is using my novel, LEGENDS OF THE HENGEYOKAI, BOOK ONE  TENGU PRINCE as curriculum next April. I’ve been doing fine tune editing to make sure the book is ready for a teacher to read and teach to a class full of sixth graders. This is so exciting!

TENGU PRINCE has a new cover that I hope projects the theme of the story a bit better than the first one did. Also, I am fine-tune-editing book two in the series: CHERRY JEWEL. I hope to have it ready by this October, but a lot is happening now withTENGU PRINCE so not sure if I will find the needed time to spend on CHERRY JEWEL just now. It will be ready by April of next year at the very latest.

English: James Franco at the Austin Film Festi...

English: James Franco at the Austin Film Festival in October 2011. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

English: Johnny Depp at the Austin Film Festiv...

English: Johnny Depp at the Austin Film Festival in October 2011. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

I am looking for an agent and plan to attend the Austin Film Festival next month. I have gone twice before and find it an exciting place to meet other writers as well as movers and shakers in the film industry.

Hope all of you are having a fantastic September! I wish all the best for you.

 

Legend of the Tengu Prince: Chapter One, Part Six Novel Excerpt) May 10, 2012


立石光正

立石光正 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

She had seen no other person on the open steps, except for herself and the young priest. So whom did he speak–surely not to a lowly female?

When no other voice answered him, Tomiko lifted her eyes, astonished to see the bamboo pole remained tucked at the priest’s side. She could see it there as clearly as she could see the beautiful smile on his face.

“Of whom do you speak?” she replied, her voice barely above a whisper.

“Why Sojobo-sama, King of the Tengu,” the priest exclaimed, sheer delight apparent in his manner. “You did see him, did you not?” A perplexed expression drew a frown between his brows.

“Ye-es, I saw him,” she answered.

Still uncertain, she slowly pulled to a kneeling position. Fingers pinching nervously at the ground in front of her knees, her gaze caught in the priest’s mesmerizing eyes. Her mind seemed lost in a fog of confusion except for the lingering image of her cracked skull.

Much to her astonishment, the young priest knelt toward the ground. Placing a hand on one knee, he leaned toward her.

“It is a very good sign, you know.” His smile broadened, crinkling the corners of his eyes. “King Sojobo does not appear to just anyone. He is a very solitary and taciturn fellow from what I hear.”

In a movement graceful as the wing beats of the crane she had seen fly into the dawn sky, the priest took something from his robe pocket and placed it on the ground near his bent knee. He then bowed reverently toward her direction as if to the sacred Buddha.

When he rose to his feet, he smiled and said, “It is for you.” Then he turned and strolled soundlessly into the forest to disappear through a thicket of spruce trees. A moment later, she heard the wing beats of a second crane in flight. She caught a glimpse of the bird as if rose in the distance over the stone path.

Alone near the pagoda, she looked more closely at the place where the priest had stood only moments before. To her delight and amazement she saw a glistening jade egg cradled in tufts of grass. Scrolls of gold etched into the egg’s jeweled surface shined in the morning light. The gilded lines seemed to pulsate and move as if alive.

Curious to a fault, the terrors she had felt earlier melted almost completely away as she scooted forward on bended knees. Unafraid, she lifted the egg to nestle it against her cheek. Through the warm shell she could swear she heard a heartbeat throb.

Prize in hand, she jumped to her feet and ducked quickly beneath the sheltering trees. Better to be safe than sorry. No use pressing her luck. Careful and quiet as possible, she wound her way through the trees that ran along the stone steps, keeping out of sight as she aimed for the splintered gate that led to the pilgrim’s inn.

Continued … in Chapter Two. Available at Amazon.com & Smashwords

Enjoy!

Legend of the Tengu Prince — Available
on
&
(Use this coupon code UT96N to obtain the special price on Smashwords until May 15.)

Synopsis:

Fantasy Action Adventure set in feudal Japan.

During a time of civil war, Karasu Hinata is born the son of a powerful warlord. When he is still a child, his family castle is taken by a rival clan. His father and mother are murdered right before his eyes.

Barely escaping with his life, he is spirited away by the king of the tengu. The shape-shifting raven leads him to the hidden mountain retreat of a sect of mystic warriors. Mountain priests who practice the magic of Shugendo.

Ten years have passed. The time has come for Karasu to leave the mystic’s protective lair and face his demons in the world beyond. But the fiend that haunts his nightmares is also the one that shattered his life. More than a bad dream, it wants him dead.

In Legend of the Tengu Prince, nothing is as it seems. Shape-shifting creatures, both good and evil, populate the magical world of feudal Japan. And a young man will pay the ultimate price for a deadly rival spawned in the mists time. This riveting first volume of a epic fantasy adventure will leave you stunned and begging for more.

 

Legend of the Tengu Prince: Chapter One, Part Five Novel Excerpt) May 9, 2012


Blacksmith Munechika (end of the 10th century)...

Blacksmith Munechika (end of the 10th century), helped by a fox spirit (left, surrounded by little foxes), forging the blade Ko-Gitsune Maru (“Little Fox”). Woodcut by Ogata Gekkō. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

When the vixen flicked its nine tails toward her, Tomiko was truly terrified. She knew fox spirits possessed magic, though each one had its own special type. She also knew by the number of tails this one possessed it was very old and very powerful.

To climb the sacred mountain carried weighty consequences, of this she had seen all too clearly with appearance of the tengu king. Yet the arrival of the fox spirit made her tremble with dread so terrible she almost lost her footing. It took all her concentration not to trip as she zigzagged through the towering bodies of trees and jumped over the underbrush near her feet.

The fox was following her that was certain, keeping perfect pace with her every movement. Her mind spun with speculation wondering what she could offer the spirit to keep in its good graces, if in fact she was not.

She found little comfort remembering that foxes were messengers of Inari, the benevolent goddess of rice. Though mostly a benign spirit, the fox could also be a seductive trickster as well, never a good sign in any case.

Breathe burned hot in her chest as Tomiko burst through the towering trees into a clearing. But she immediately skidded to a halt beside a pagoda, home to the five elements: earth, wind, fire, air and void that towered five stories from the ground toward its roof that curved upward into the clouds.

Her next step hovered beside one of 2,445 stone steps that led up to the top of the mountain. The path was used only by men, the only ones allowed to climb to the summit where she was told Sanshin Gosaiden Worship Hall of the Three Gods perched.

What made her stop was seeing one of the guardian priests of the shrine standing next to the pagoda. She recognized his attire from others that she had seen from time to time in the village. His hair stood in stiff, white peaks from his head with black tips, also like the other priests. Her knees trembled at sight of the fighting pole tucked crosswise beneath his waist tie-belt.

As if in slow agonizing motion, he turned, his gaze locking into hers. At that moment a terrible sense of danger trapped her in its net.

Amaterasu!” she gasped, slumping to her knees, forehead pressed in subjugation against the damp earth.

She was far more horrified by this human’s appearance than she had been only moments before when she witnessed King Sojobo and the fox spirit. Numb with fear, she waited for the priest’s fighting pole to crack hard against her head. It was what she deserved, of this she knew all too clearly.

At the gruesome image, her stomach lurched promising to release the breakfast of rice and sliced vegetables she had munched for breakfast earlier that morning.

“Did you see him?” The young man’s voice floated, soft on the morning breeze. The sound of it tickled her ear with its gentle, innocent tone.

Continued …

Enjoy!

Legend of the Tengu Prince — Available
on
&
(Use this coupon code UT96N to obtain the special price on Smashwords until May 15.)

Synopsis:

Fantasy Action Adventure set in feudal Japan.

During a time of civil war, Karasu Hinata is born the son of a powerful warlord. When he is still a child, his family castle is taken by a rival clan. His father and mother are murdered right before his eyes.

Barely escaping with his life, he is spirited away by the king of the tengu. The shape-shifting raven leads him to the hidden mountain retreat of a sect of mystic warriors. Mountain priests who practice the magic of Shugendo.

Ten years have passed. The time has come for Karasu to leave the mystic’s protective lair and face his demons in the world beyond. But the fiend that haunts his nightmares is also the one that shattered his life. More than a bad dream, it wants him dead.

In Legend of the Tengu Prince, nothing is as it seems. Shape-shifting creatures, both good and evil, populate the magical world of feudal Japan. And a young man will pay the ultimate price for a deadly rival spawned in the mists time. This riveting first volume of a epic fantasy adventure will leave you stunned and begging for more.

 

Legend of the Tengu Prince: Chapter One, Part Three (Novel Excerpt) May 7, 2012


Raven

Raven (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

She lowered her eyes toward the ground, understanding that there were times when stubborn arrogance became little more than stupidity and she had no wish to bring an entire army of the dreadful beings down around her.

What must the King think of my boldness in coming here? She drew in a deep breath that burned in her chest and throat.

While she stared at the dirt and moss beneath her feet, her thoughts spun like a whirlpool. This was truly a haunted forest or else she had gone completely mad. Each time before when she had come to the forbidden mountain, she wished for the gods to speak words of enchanted wisdom to her heart. She now began to wonder if they had sent a demon to torment her instead.

Shivering in the chilled morning air, her feet were the first to move out of their paralysis-of-terror that had momentarily taken her over. Not wasting another moment, she spun around in the opposite direction.

Her feet poised to flee back toward safety at the base of the mountain where the village lay below. But before she could escape the shadow of the trees, invisible fingers dug into her arms, forcing her back toward the open glade where the man-thing stood.

“You have nothing to fear from me, Little One.” The creature’s voice held a pleasant warble as if the man’s voice and the bird’s song mingled as one. “I am Sojobo, King of the Tengu,” it said. “Haguro Mountain is my home.”

Curiosity tore at Tomiko’s fear, giving her the courage to look toward the birdman. A good-natured smirk tugged at its sensuous lips making Tomiko flush hot with embarrassment. She quickly averted her gaze toward the scaly bark of nearby tree as if there was something interesting there that she must examine.

In the safety of Tsuruoka Castle, her home by the Sea of Japan, she had heard tales of demons and mountain goblins such as this one, again told to her by her auntie. At mention of the roguish imps, she had shivered with delight–then.

Now as she faced this creature clearly not of the world that she had known thus far, she was both exhilarated and terrified all in one breathless moment.

“I know you.” King Sojobo narrowed his eyes while cocking his head to one side as if probing her inner most thoughts. His pointing finger twitched toward her nose. “You have come here many times before.” His grin widened. “One so young and brave could not have missed my notice.”

Tomiko drew in a deep breath to steady her voice. Still it cracked with nervous tension when she dared to speak. “You, you have been watching me?” Her gaze shot warily from one side of the tree-walled glade to the other. And all this time she thought her movements stayed secret.

Continued… http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/2012/05/08/legend-of-the-tengu-prince-chapter-one-part-four-novel-excerpt/

Enjoy!

Legend of the Tengu Prince — Available
on
&
(Use this coupon code UT96N to obtain the special price on Smashwords until May 15.)

Synopsis:

Fantasy Action Adventure set in feudal Japan.

During a time of civil war, Karasu Hinata is born the son of a powerful warlord. When he is still a child, his family castle is taken by a rival clan. His father and mother are murdered right before his eyes.

Barely escaping with his life, he is spirited away by the king of the tengu. The shape-shifting raven leads him to the hidden mountain retreat of a sect of mystic warriors. Mountain priests who practice the magic of Shugendo.

Ten years have passed. The time has come for Karasu to leave the mystic’s protective lair and face his demons in the world beyond. But the fiend that haunts his nightmares is also the one that shattered his life. More than a bad dream, it wants him dead.

In Legend of the Tengu Prince, nothing is as it seems. Shape-shifting creatures, both good and evil, populate the magical world of feudal Japan. And a young man will pay the ultimate price for a deadly rival spawned in the mists time. This riveting first volume of a epic fantasy adventure will leave you stunned and begging for more.

 

Legend of the Tengu Prince: Chapter One, Part Two (Novel Excerpt) May 6, 2012


Carrizo Plain Raven '10
(Photo credit: flythebirdpath~}~}~})

“Wha-what, who, who are you?” The words wrapped around a suppressed scream that scraped its way up her throat. “Are you an emissary to the gods?” Her voice squeaked.

She threw up her hands, beating wildly at the raven’s sharp beak that snapped close to her ear. Then in a swooping motion, the black bird doubled back, diving straight for her again, but this time it grabbed onto the narrow slope of her shoulder.

Startled more than afraid, Tomiko shrank away trying unsuccessfully to shove the beast from her while the peppery scent of pine needles filled her mouth and nose, irritating her eyes. When the raven refused to move, she stood trembling with expectation waiting for its sharp talons to rip into her flesh, though strangely they never did.

“Wha-what, who, who are you?” The words wrapped around a suppressed scream that scraped its way up her throat. “Are you an emissary to the gods?” Her voice squeaked.

As if in reply, the raven leaned its head down close to her face to stare directly into her very soul it seemed. Its almond-shaped eye, the color of green jade, appeared more human than fowl, giving the terrifying impression of someone trapped inside the bird’s black-feathered body.

What a horrible image. Tomiko shivered, wanting desperately to scream. Only her fear of discovery by the men who climbed to the summit each day kept her silent.

Then just as suddenly as it had landed on her shoulder, the raven lifted into the air, its earthy scent blowing in Tomiko’s face as it did so. A short distance from where she stood the bird landed on the forest floor.

Amidst a clamor of loud squawking erupting from the fiend’s throat, a gathering of green mist formed around the raven’s claws. The mist seemed to come from nowhere and in a matter of moments, it shifted and settled like vapors from a magician’s spell cast in the purple dawn. Tomiko stood trembling from head-to-toe, puffs of panic escaping with her breath while she waited too astonished to speak or move.

Slowly the mist cleared, evaporating into thin air as it did. In place of the raven, a man-like creature stood instead. A circle of gold lay atop the man-thing’s black hair that feathered across elfish-point ears. Its hair, like the raven’s feathers, was flecked with glistening emerald lights. The creature’s jewel-green eyes sparkled with mischief above a beak-shaped nose that jutted from the center of its scarlet-blush face where a smirk pulled at its lips.

Blue-black wings with crimson tips folded against the creature’s broad shoulders where muscled arms lay crisscrossed against its chest. Powerful legs stretched from a human torso ending in bare claw-like feet.

Seeing the impossible creature, Tomiko began to tremble so that her teeth chattered together. If she had been irreverent before, she now had a healthy dose of respect for all the unseen spirits that her auntie said, “waver in the air around the unsuspecting humans”.

Continued … http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/2012/05/07/legend-of-the-tengu-prince-chapter-one-part-three-novel-excerpt/

Enjoy!

Legend of the Tengu Prince — Available
on
&
(Use this coupon code UT96N to obtain the special price on Smashwords until May 15.)

Synopsis:

Fantasy Action Adventure set in feudal Japan.

During a time of civil war, Karasu Hinata is born the son of a powerful warlord. When he is still a child, his family castle is taken by a rival clan. His father and mother are murdered right before his eyes.

Barely escaping with his life, he is spirited away by the king of the tengu. The shape-shifting raven leads him to the hidden mountain retreat of a sect of mystic warriors. Mountain priests who practice the magic of Shugendo.

Ten years have passed. The time has come for Karasu to leave the mystic’s protective lair and face his demons in the world beyond. But the fiend that haunts his nightmares is also the one that shattered his life. More than a bad dream, it wants him dead.

In Legend of the Tengu Prince, nothing is as it seems. Shape-shifting creatures, both good and evil, populate the magical world of feudal Japan. And a young man will pay the ultimate price for a deadly rival spawned in the mists time. This riveting first volume of a epic fantasy adventure will leave you stunned and begging for more.

 

The Future of Washi (Paper) January 17, 2012


Washi paper

Washi cufflinks

Image by craftapalooza via Flickr

Washi paper brooch
Image by craftapalooza via Flickr

Here is the last installment from the article entitled: World Papers and Washi. In the reference section of this blog post, you can find the link to the parent site from which this article was printed in full.

Located below, find other sections under this title posts previously under the blog, Mysterious Japan.

The Discovery of Paper: http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/the-discovery-of-paper/

The Development of Japanese Washi: http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/2012/01/15/the-development-of-japanese-washi/

Washi and Its Reputation: http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/2012/01/16/washi-and-its-reputation/

■Old yet new: the future of washi
 Today’s information society has raised a number of issues relating to the future of paper. Despite the growth of new electronic media, the consumption of paper is increasing, which in turn has led to such environmental problems as reductions in forest resources and increased waste. Washi has also had to face the power of economics. Having been replaced in many households by plastic utensils, it retains its unique raison d’ere largely in traditional events and in the hobbies that enrich people’s spiritual lives. Fortunately, there has been renewed interest in the aesthetic values of washi. Paper’s versatility has been highlighted by the increased popularity of the material as a new art medium. Originating in the United States and quickly spreading to the rest of the world, this type of art regards paper as more than a flat surface to be worked upon. Instead, paper fiber is considered an art material in itself and a catalyst for the creative process. Other materials may be integrated with the pulp to form three-dimensional shapes that may be further folded, dyed or torn. Techniques such as collage, assemblage, flottage and papier-colle(the pasting of newspaper or wallpaper) are also used. Combining paper with fabric, leather, metals, and other materials in new and uninhibited ways has been accepted by artists worldwide as a new field of plastic art, and through this, washi has once again become a focus of attention. The plastic art of paper has deep roots in Japan, where paper itself is appreciated as a work of art. Dyed paper in a range of colors, sukimoyo-gami (where the pattern is an internal part of the paper itself and is created during the formation process), paper  incorporating flowers and plants, paper folded or cut into shapes, crumpled paper, and paper strings – wide variety of paper products are made into both furniture and furnishings to add convenience and beauty to life. It might also be noted that Japan’s recycling of waste paper began in the eighth century. As people rediscover the beauty of antique folding fans, round fans, paper lanterns, paper-shaded table lamps, bamboo and paper umbrellas, papered sliding doors and screens, standing screens, and other paper products, these articles serve as a source of modern motifs for interior decoration and installations. Washi is a highly suitable material for these projects because of its strength, and the paper used can be recycled. Some have even named this new trend of paper art “the renaissance of paper” Plants thrive as long as water, carbon dioxide, nutrients and sunlight are available. They also provide all living things with the oxygen needed for life. After being consumed, they revert to their origins, water and carbon dioxide. With this cycle in mind, we should change our way of thinking from one of casually using paper because it is available to one of using paper for purposes only paper can meet. Furthermore, in addition to promoting forestation projects, research must be conducted into the use of such non-wood materials as kenaf, an annual plant native to India and other parts of the world, and how to deal with lignin, a natural substance contained in plants that breaks down paper and thus is an unneeded byproduct. Japan’s history of respect for paper and artistic use of paper offers suggestions for the future.

Enjoy!

References: 

Old Yet New: The Future of Washi:  http://www.kippo.or.jp/e/culture/washi/world/06.html

 

Washi and Its Reputation January 16, 2012


Nederlands: Kusumoto Taki (1807-1865), alias S...

Image via Wikipedia

Washi paper is interesting, beautiful, fun to make and an art form with many possibilities.

Here is the third installment of “Living with Washi”. Links to the other two posts are here:

“The Development of Washi”: http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/

The Discovery of Paper”:  http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/the-discovery-of-paper/

In the Reference section (below) of this blog post, you can find the link to the parent site from which this article was printed in full.

Robert C. Williams Paper Museum A tool for mak...

Image via Wikipedia

Robert C. Williams Paper Museum A tool for mak...
Image via Wikipedia
■Washi and its reputation
 Towards the middle of the 16th century, Luis FROIS, a Portuguese missionary, lived in Japan and later published a book about Japanese history based on his experience. In 1590, the first Japanese book using movable type, the Christian Edition, was published on gampi paper. This paper was more beautiful and durable than any paper Europeans had known and they called it “plant parchment”. A Japanese-Portuguese dictionary of this period includes the names of many kinds of Japanese paper, demonstrating the extent of its interest to westerners. The Netherlands gained independence in the late 16th century and at the same time began trading with Japan. After the Edo (Tokugawa) shogunate adopted its policy of isolation, only the Netherlands was allowed contact with the country, and the offices of Dutch merchants in Nagasaki were Japan’s only window of trade with the outside world. When the Dutch painter Rembrandt harmensz VAN RIJN noticed that the paper wrapping lacquerware from Japan was both durable and beautiful, he immediately placed an order for washi, using it to create many masterpieces of etching. These works received great acclaim, and through this attention Japanese paper became widely known.  Engelbert KAEMPFER, a German doctor on a Dutch ship, came to Japan in 1690 and observed Japan from the point of view of a natural historian. After returning home, he wrote the Amoennitalum Exoticarum. One chapter of this account, entitled “History of Japan”, served as a guide to Japan and Japanese paper. Carl Peter THUNBERG, a Swedish botanist who came to Japan in 1774, gave a detailed account of Japanese papermaking and its raw materials in his book on the flora of Japan. Philipp Franz VON SIEBOLD, a German doctor who came to Japan in the early 19th century, disseminated information on Japan upon his return to Europe. He also brought back with him a great deal of Japanese paper and numerous paper products. When Japan opened its borders in 1852, European nations sent delegates to establish diplomatic relations. Rutherford ALCOCK, the first British minister to Japan, praised washi when describing Japanese arts and crafts in his famous work, The Capital of the Tycoon. He encouraged the exhibition of Japanese products, including washi, at the World Exposition in London in 1862. Washi also attracted the attention of the world at the Paris Expo in 1867.

Enjoy!

References: 

Washi and its Reputation:   http://www.kippo.or.jp/e/culture/washi/world/04.html

 

The Development of Japanese Washi January 15, 2012


English: Cranes made by Origami (Washi paper)....

Image via Wikipedia

Wittig.collection.manuscript.01.japanese.art.s...
Washi paper (Sugihara paper)

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Here is the second installment from the Washi Paper series. If you read the first post, “The Discovery of Paper” at http://lediarunnels27221219.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/the-discovery-of-paper/ .

In the reference section of this blog post, you can find the link to the parent site from which this article was printed in full.

Washi paper is not only an ancient art in Japan, but many beautiful art forms have come out of its use, such as creative wrappings for gifts, origami paper folding and intricate, paper dolls.

Making washi-paper-like projects are as easy as placing pieces of torn paper and water in a blender and then laying the wet pulp on a piece of screening and adding bits of flowers or other things as decoration. Here is a video to help you through the entire process. http://video.about.com/familycrafts/How-to-Make-Paper-With-Kids.htm

Enjoy!

World Papers and Washi

写真 Kozo楮
Kozo
写真 Gampi雁皮
Gampi
写真 Tororoaoi黄濁葵
Tororoaoi
写真 Noriutsugi糊空木
Noriutsugi

■The development of Japanese washi
Because of its location across the sea east of the coast of the Asian continent, Japan was influenced by China mainly by way of the Korean peninsula. Scripts and paper were first introduced to Japan in the fourth to fifth century, and these symbols of advanced civilization greatly influenced the thinking of the Japanese people. The subsequent introduction of Buddhism to Japan in the sixth century had a major impact. As part of its efforts to disseminate Buddhism, the government increased paper production for the transcription of sutras. People were encouraged to grow kozo, paper mulberry, as a raw material for paper, and Buddhist priests were invited from the Korean peninsula to introduce the new technology. During the high culture of the Tempyo period (eighth century), techniques to manufacture and process paper developed, and papermaking spread nationwide. As demands for paper grew, manufacturers looked for raw materials other than kozo to produce it and discovered gampi, a plant indigenous to Japan. This prompted the transition from the imitation of Chinese paper to the creation of washi, Japan’s own paper. Gampi fibers are delicate and have a natural viscosity, so although forming them into paper requires sophisticated techniques, the finished product is both beautiful and durable. A new method to make paper from hemp and kozo was invented in which the viscous mucilage of tororo-aoi (the root of a hibiscus plant) or noriutsugi bark was added. This method, established in the late eighth century to the ninth century, is today known as nagashizuki. In the Heian period (794-1185), a government – owned paper mill, or kamiyain, was established in Heiankyo (Kyoto), then the capital of Japan, to make paper for official use. The mill also dyed and processed paper and trained technicians. In addition to being used for sutras and official documents, the paper was also used for private correspondence and poetry, helping to promote the development of literature. Kana, or the Japanese syllabary, was invented from kanji, Chinese characters. A unique Japanese culture flourished, becoming free from the influence of the once predominant Chinese culture. With its abundant forests and clear streams, the Japanese environment was highly suited to papermaking, and the Japanese people, who respected nature and its cyclical changing of seasons, took pleasure in making fine papers and using them beautifully. By the time the government moved to Edo (now Tokyo), paper mills around the country were producing papers characteristic of each region. The common people used these papers widely and in this way paper became part of daily life, adding both convenience and beauty, and washi reached its zenith around the 17th century.
 

 
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